Abstract Dysprosium (Dy) is a rare earth element of significant industrial value, widely utilized across various fields due to its unique magnetic and optical properties. Its primary applications include enhancing high-temperature performance in neodymium-iron-boron (NdFeB) permanent magnets, serving as a…
Abstract The ratio of indium oxide (In₂O₃) to tin oxide (SnO₂) in indium tin oxide (ITO) significantly influences the optoelectronic properties of ITO thin films. Studies show that: (1) at an In₂O₃:SnO₂ ratio of 90:10, the thin films achieve a…
Abstract Liquid–liquid extraction technology, leveraging highly selective extractants combined with multistage counter-current processes, can efficiently enrich tin (Sn) from low-concentration tin-containing waste streams. Typical applications demonstrate that: (1) the tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP)-kerosene system extracts tin from acidic leach solutions containing…
Shaoguan Yuntian Metals Abstract In processes such as bauxite refining and alumina production, trace amounts of metallic gallium are commonly present in alkaline mother liquors. Despite its extremely low concentration, gallium is a critical rare metal widely used in semiconductors,…
Abstract Plasma technology significantly enhances the recovery efficiency and purity of bismuth (Bi) through high-temperature ionization and selective reduction. Typical applications include: (1) radio-frequency (RF) plasma treatment (50 kW power) of electronic waste containing bismuth, achieving over 98% Bi volatilization…
