With the surging demand for AI and electronic devices, indium resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Recycling indium from discarded electronics, photovoltaic (PV) panels, and industrial waste has emerged as a crucial solution—not only reducing mining costs but also advancing the future of green technology.…
“Black, unrefined selenium is now skyrocketing in value—transforming from industrial waste into a ‘new goldmine’! Breakthroughs in purification technology have slashed costs while boosting purity, and booming demand from photovoltaics, semiconductors, and other industries means recycling crude selenium can net…
Abstract Ruthenium (Ru), a critical member of the platinum group metals (PGMs), exhibits unique advantages in catalysis, electronics, and high-temperature materials, including: However, its limitations include: Future demand will be driven by Ru’s potential in hydrogen energy catalysts (e.g., HER) and ultra-high-density storage media. 1. Comparative…
Abstract Rhodium (Rh), a critical member of the platinum group metals (PGMs), is an ideal material for extreme environments due to its high melting point (1964°C) and density (12.41 g/cm³). These properties stem from its face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure and strong metallic bonding derived…
Abstract Rhenium (Re), a high-melting-point rare metal, is primarily recovered from byproducts of copper-molybdenum smelting, flue dust, and spent catalysts. Industrial production relies on hydrometallurgical processes, including: Additional pyrometallurgical roasting activation is often employed for pre-treatment. High-purity rhenium (≥99.99%) is obtained via hydrogen reduction or…
Abstract Gallium’s core advantages in the semiconductor industry stem from the unique physical properties of its compounds—such as gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium nitride (GaN)—including high electron mobility, wide bandgap structures, and high-temperature stability. China’s leadership in gallium refining and recycling technologies provides critical support to…
Abstract Hafnium (Hf) and zirconium (Zr), both Group IVB transition metals, share similar chemical properties. However, hafnium’s thermal neutron capture cross-section is significantly higher than zirconium’s (~600 times), leading to distinct roles in nuclear applications. These elements coexist in nature, primarily…
Abstract The extraction and purification of osmium (Os) primarily rely on oxidative distillation, combined with chemical reduction techniques such as sodium sulfide precipitation, ammonium chloride precipitation, and formic acid reduction. To preferentially separate osmium from platinum group metal (PGM) concentrates, sodium peroxide fusion…
Abstract Tellurium, as a rare and dispersed metal, holds significant value across multiple industrial sectors. Its primary applications include: CdTe solar cells, known for their low-light performance and high conversion efficiency, represent a major direction in photovoltaic technology. Meanwhile, bismuth…
Abstract The price volatility of dysprosium (Dy) is primarily influenced by multiple factors, including supply-demand dynamics, policy regulations, international competition, and industrial chain restructuring. Recently, the price of dysprosium oxide (Dy₂O₃) plummeted by 7,500 yuan per ton in a single day (reaching 1.4075…
