Abstract Osmium is a metal characterized by an exceptionally high density and chemical stability. Its industrial applications primarily encompass alloy manufacturing, chemical catalysis, and electronic devices. Alloys of osmium with platinum or iridium are commonly used in electrical contact materials…
Abstract Computational chemistry and molecular simulation are powerful tools for predicting and optimizing chemical reaction pathways in tellurium recycling processes. These techniques utilize quantum chemical calculations and molecular dynamics simulations to identify key intermediates and transition states, thereby enabling optimization…
Abstract Dysprosium is a rare earth element widely applied across various industrial sectors due to its unique magnetic and optical properties. Its most prominent uses include high-performance permanent magnets, lasers, and lighting devices. Dysprosium enhances the high-temperature performance of neodymium-iron-boron…
Abstract High-purity germanium is an indispensable material in the semiconductor industry, commonly available in purity grades of 5N (99.999%) and 6N (99.9999%). The primary purification technologies include zone refining and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). These methods ensure the high purity…
Abstract Indium is a soft metal with a low melting point that finds specific applications in battery manufacturing. Its primary uses include lithium-ion batteries and thin-film solar cells. As an alloying material in lithium-ion batteries, indium helps improve energy density…
