Abstract Solder alloys are tin (Sn)-based metallic materials widely used in electronics assembly, automotive radiator sealing, and other applications. The most common formulation is tin-lead (Sn-Pb) solder (e.g., Sn63/Pb37, melting point 183°C), valued for its low melting point, excellent wettability, and electrical conductivity (resistivity ~12.6 μΩ·cm). Lead-free solders (e.g., Sn-Ag-Cu systems) incorporate silver (Ag)…
Abstract Selenium (Se), a nonmetallic element, exhibits significant differences in physicochemical properties and applications depending on its chemical forms (elemental selenium, selenides, selenates, etc.). Toxicity varies drastically among forms—selenite (SeO₃²⁻) is 10 times more toxic than selenides, requiring strict intake…
Shaoguan Yuntian Metals Abstract Among precious metal compounds, rhodium acetate (Rh(OAc)₃) may not be a household name, yet it serves as an indispensable “core player” in industries like chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and advanced materials. Whether in high-end organic synthesis or fine chemical production, rhodium acetate stands out as one…
Shaoguan Yuntian Metals Abstract In the fiberglass industry, it is well-known that platinum-rhodium (Pt-Rh) alloys are essential for bushing plates in glass fiber production. However, few realize that these precious metals gradually volatilize, detach, and become adsorbed by surrounding refractory castables during high-temperature operations. When…
With the surging demand for AI and electronic devices, indium resources are becoming increasingly scarce. Recycling indium from discarded electronics, photovoltaic (PV) panels, and industrial waste has emerged as a crucial solution—not only reducing mining costs but also advancing the future of green technology.…
“Black, unrefined selenium is now skyrocketing in value—transforming from industrial waste into a ‘new goldmine’! Breakthroughs in purification technology have slashed costs while boosting purity, and booming demand from photovoltaics, semiconductors, and other industries means recycling crude selenium can net…
Abstract Ruthenium (Ru), a critical member of the platinum group metals (PGMs), exhibits unique advantages in catalysis, electronics, and high-temperature materials, including: However, its limitations include: Future demand will be driven by Ru’s potential in hydrogen energy catalysts (e.g., HER) and ultra-high-density storage media. 1. Comparative…
Abstract Rhodium (Rh), a critical member of the platinum group metals (PGMs), is an ideal material for extreme environments due to its high melting point (1964°C) and density (12.41 g/cm³). These properties stem from its face-centered cubic (FCC) crystal structure and strong metallic bonding derived…
Abstract Rhenium (Re), a high-melting-point rare metal, is primarily recovered from byproducts of copper-molybdenum smelting, flue dust, and spent catalysts. Industrial production relies on hydrometallurgical processes, including: Additional pyrometallurgical roasting activation is often employed for pre-treatment. High-purity rhenium (≥99.99%) is obtained via hydrogen reduction or…
Abstract Gallium’s core advantages in the semiconductor industry stem from the unique physical properties of its compounds—such as gallium arsenide (GaAs) and gallium nitride (GaN)—including high electron mobility, wide bandgap structures, and high-temperature stability. China’s leadership in gallium refining and recycling technologies provides critical support to…
